Career roadmap
How to Become a Recreational Therapist
The education, training, certifications and steps it takes to start working as a recreational therapist, plus how long it takes and where the career can lead.
To become a recreational therapist: (1) earn a bachelor’s degree, (2) complete an internship, (3) pass the CTRS exam, (4) get hired, (5) advance. Most people need about 4 years plus internship. BLS lists “bachelor's degree” as the typical entry-level education.
5 steps to become a recreational therapist
Earn a bachelor’s degree
Therapeutic recreation.
Complete an internship
Supervised clinical experience.
Pass the CTRS exam
Earn certification.
Get hired
Hospitals, rehab or long-term care.
Advance
Lead programs or specialize.
Education and training requirements
A bachelor’s degree in therapeutic recreation or a related field is typical, plus an internship and the CTRS exam.
| Typical entry-level education (BLS) | Bachelor's degree |
|---|---|
| Related work experience | None |
| On-the-job training | None |
| Typical training time | 4 years plus internship |
Certifications and licenses
- Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist (CTRS): NCTRC credential.
- State license: Required in a few states.
- CPR and first aid: Common requirement.
- Adaptive sports certifications: Training in specific adaptive sports.
Skills to build now
Start with therapeutic assessment, activity adaptation, and group facilitation, and practice creativity and empathy. Learning the recreational therapist vocabulary early makes training and interviews easier.
Where the career can lead
- Recreational Therapy Intern: Gain clinical experience.
- Recreational Therapist: Provide therapy.
- Senior Therapist or Specialist: Specialize.
- Program Manager: Lead therapy programs.
Get a head start
Our self-paced Recreational Therapist training gives you a realistic, practical overview of the job (duties, terminology, step-by-step tasks, safety and interview prep) so you can decide with confidence and show employers you’re serious.
Common questions about getting started
Do I need certification?
Most employers want the CTRS.
How long does it take to become a recreational therapist?
Most people need about 4 years plus internship of training. A bachelor’s degree in therapeutic recreation or a related field is typical, plus an internship and the CTRS exam.
Do you need a degree to be a recreational therapist?
Yes, usually. BLS lists a bachelor’s degree as typical, and most employers want the CTRS credential, which requires a degree and internship.
What certifications are available for recreational therapists?
Common credentials include Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist (CTRS), State license, CPR and first aid, and Adaptive sports certifications. A few states license recreational therapists; many employers require the CTRS credential.
Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, SOC 29-1125 (Recreational therapists).
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Employment Projections, Table 1.2 (2025–35).
- O*NET OnLine summary for Recreational therapists (U.S. Department of Labor).
- BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Reviewed by the Career Education Institute Curriculum Team. Pay figures are national estimates; local pay varies. See our editorial policy.