FAQ
Astronomer FAQ
Answers to the most common questions about working as an astronomer.
Straight answers to the questions people ask most about becoming an astronomer: pay, training time, degrees, certifications and whether it’s a good career.
9 questions about astronomers
Is astronomy a career?
Yes, but it’s very small and competitive.
Do astronomers need a Ph.D.?
Usually.
Do astronomers look through telescopes?
Mostly they analyze digital data.
How much does an astronomer make?
The median annual wage for astronomers was $128,820 ($61.94 per hour) in May 2025, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The lowest 10% earned less than $78,010 and the highest 10% earned more than $195,190.
How long does it take to become an astronomer?
Most people need about 5–7 years after a bachelor’s plus postdocs of training. A Ph.D. in astronomy, astrophysics or physics is typical.
Do you need a degree to be an astronomer?
Yes, for most roles. BLS lists a doctoral degree as typical, and research astronomers almost always hold a Ph.D. in astronomy or physics.
Is astronomer a good career?
It can be, depending on your goals. Employment is projected to change +7.8% from 2025–35 (much faster than average), with about 100 openings each year. Upsides include fascinating science; a common challenge is that very small field.
What skills does an astronomer need?
Key technical skills include astrophysics, data analysis, python programming, and statistics. Employers also value curiosity, persistence, and collaboration.
What certifications are available for astronomers?
Common credentials include Ph.D., Postdoctoral fellowships, Programming skills, and Telescope time awards. Requirements vary by state and employer.
Still deciding?
Try the Astronomer fit quiz, compare with Physicist, or explore Astronomer training.
Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, SOC 19-2011 (Astronomers).
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Employment Projections, Table 1.2 (2025–35).
- O*NET OnLine summary for Astronomers (U.S. Department of Labor).
- BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Reviewed by the Career Education Institute Curriculum Team. Pay figures are national estimates; local pay varies. See our editorial policy.