Career roadmap
How to Become a Genetic Counselor
The education, training, certifications and steps it takes to start working as a genetic counselor, plus how long it takes and where the career can lead.
To become a genetic counselor: (1) earn a bachelor’s degree, (2) gain advocacy experience, (3) complete a GC master’s, (4) pass the ABGC exam, (5) get licensed. Most people need about 6 years. BLS lists “master's degree” as the typical entry-level education.
5 steps to become a genetic counselor
Earn a bachelor’s degree
Biology or psychology.
Gain advocacy experience
Crisis or counseling work.
Complete a GC master’s
About two years.
Pass the ABGC exam
Become certified.
Get licensed
Practice.
Education and training requirements
A master’s degree in genetic counseling from an accredited program and board certification are required.
| Typical entry-level education (BLS) | Master's degree |
|---|---|
| Related work experience | None |
| On-the-job training | None |
| Typical training time | 6 years |
Certifications and licenses
- CGC (ABGC): Certified Genetic Counselor.
- State license: Required in many states.
- Continuing education: To maintain certification.
- Specialty training: Cancer or prenatal focus.
Skills to build now
Start with genetics, risk assessment, and pedigree analysis, and practice empathy and clear communication. Learning the genetic counselor vocabulary early makes training and interviews easier.
Where the career can lead
- Genetic Counselor: Counsel patients.
- Senior Counselor: Specialize.
- Program Lead: Lead services.
- Lab or Industry Leader: Lead testing programs.
Get a head start
Our self-paced Genetic Counselor training gives you a realistic, practical overview of the job (duties, terminology, step-by-step tasks, safety and interview prep) so you can decide with confidence and show employers you’re serious.
Common questions about getting started
How long does it take to become a genetic counselor?
Most people need about 6 years of training. A master’s degree in genetic counseling from an accredited program and board certification are required.
Do you need a degree to be a genetic counselor?
Yes. BLS lists a master's degree as the typical entry-level education, and you also need a state license to practice.
What certifications are available for genetic counselors?
Common credentials include CGC (ABGC), State license, Continuing education, and Specialty training. Many states license genetic counselors; national certification is required by most employers.
Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, SOC 29-9092 (Genetic counselors).
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Employment Projections, Table 1.2 (2025–35).
- O*NET OnLine summary for Genetic counselors (U.S. Department of Labor).
- BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Reviewed by the Career Education Institute Curriculum Team. Pay figures are national estimates; local pay varies. See our editorial policy.