Librarian how-to

How to Conduct a Reference Interview

Good questions uncover what patrons really need.

Updated By the Career Education Institute Curriculum Team
Quick answer

Good questions uncover what patrons really need. In short: greet; ask; clarify, then complete the remaining steps below.

Step by step

  1. Greet the patron warmly.

  2. Ask open questions.

  3. Clarify the purpose and level needed.

  4. Search together.

  5. Evaluate sources.

  6. Follow up to check if it helped.

Safety reminders for librarians

  • Protect patron privacy
  • Follow emergency procedures
  • Lift boxes of books properly
  • Maintain a safe, welcoming space

Reference interview · Collection development · Cataloging · Dewey Decimal System · Library of Congress Classification · ILS: see the full librarian glossary.

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