FAQ
Microbiologist FAQ
Answers to the most common questions about working as a microbiologist.
Straight answers to the questions people ask most about becoming a microbiologist: pay, training time, degrees, certifications and whether it’s a good career.
9 questions about microbiologists
Do microbiologists need a PhD?
Not for many industry roles, but research often requires one.
Where do they work?
Pharma, food, hospitals, public health and universities.
Is it dangerous?
Biosafety rules control risks.
How much does a microbiologist make?
The median annual wage for microbiologists was $87,990 ($42.30 per hour) in May 2025, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The lowest 10% earned less than $54,670 and the highest 10% earned more than $150,000.
How long does it take to become a microbiologist?
Most people need about 4+ years of training. A bachelor’s degree in microbiology or biology is typical; research roles often require a PhD.
Do you need a degree to be a microbiologist?
Usually, yes. BLS lists a bachelor's degree as the typical entry-level education, although skills, certifications and experience can sometimes substitute.
Is microbiologist a good career?
It can be, depending on your goals. Employment is projected to change +6.2% from 2025–35 (faster than average), with about 1,500 openings each year. Upsides include strong pay; a common challenge is that biohazard exposure.
What skills does a microbiologist need?
Key technical skills include aseptic technique, microbial identification, sterility testing, and environmental monitoring. Employers also value attention to detail, critical thinking, and communication.
What certifications are available for microbiologists?
Common credentials include ASM Specialist Microbiologist, ASCP Microbiology certification, GMP training, and Biosafety training. Requirements vary by state and employer.
Still deciding?
Try the Microbiologist fit quiz, compare with Biological Technician, or explore Microbiologist training.
Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, SOC 19-1022 (Microbiologists).
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Employment Projections, Table 1.2 (2025–35).
- O*NET OnLine summary for Microbiologists (U.S. Department of Labor).
- BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Reviewed by the Career Education Institute Curriculum Team. Pay figures are national estimates; local pay varies. See our editorial policy.