Career roadmap
How to Become a Microbiologist
The education, training, certifications and steps it takes to start working as a microbiologist, plus how long it takes and where the career can lead.
To become a microbiologist: (1) study biology, (2) earn a bachelor’s degree, (3) get experience, (4) consider graduate school, (5) advance. Most people need about 4+ years. BLS lists “bachelor's degree” as the typical entry-level education.
5 steps to become a microbiologist
Study biology
Microbiology courses.
Earn a bachelor’s degree
Do lab research.
Get experience
QC or research labs.
Consider graduate school
For research roles.
Advance
Senior roles or management.
Education and training requirements
A bachelor’s degree in microbiology or biology is typical; research roles often require a PhD.
| Typical entry-level education (BLS) | Bachelor's degree |
|---|---|
| Related work experience | None |
| On-the-job training | None |
| Typical training time | 4+ years |
Certifications and licenses
- ASM Specialist Microbiologist: American Society for Microbiology.
- ASCP Microbiology certification: Clinical credential.
- GMP training: Regulated labs.
- Biosafety training: Required for pathogens.
Skills to build now
Start with aseptic technique, microbial identification, and sterility testing, and practice attention to detail and critical thinking. Learning the microbiologist vocabulary early makes training and interviews easier.
Where the career can lead
- Microbiology Technician: Run tests.
- Microbiologist: Lead testing.
- Senior Microbiologist: Investigations.
- QC or Lab Manager: Lead labs.
Get a head start
Our self-paced Microbiologist training gives you a realistic, practical overview of the job (duties, terminology, step-by-step tasks, safety and interview prep) so you can decide with confidence and show employers you’re serious.
Common questions about getting started
How long does it take to become a microbiologist?
Most people need about 4+ years of training. A bachelor’s degree in microbiology or biology is typical; research roles often require a PhD.
Do you need a degree to be a microbiologist?
Usually, yes. BLS lists a bachelor's degree as the typical entry-level education, although skills, certifications and experience can sometimes substitute.
What certifications are available for microbiologists?
Common credentials include ASM Specialist Microbiologist, ASCP Microbiology certification, GMP training, and Biosafety training. Requirements vary by state and employer.
Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, SOC 19-1022 (Microbiologists).
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Employment Projections, Table 1.2 (2025–35).
- O*NET OnLine summary for Microbiologists (U.S. Department of Labor).
- BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Reviewed by the Career Education Institute Curriculum Team. Pay figures are national estimates; local pay varies. See our editorial policy.