Career roadmap
How to Become a Physical Therapist
The education, training, certifications and steps it takes to start working as a physical therapist, plus how long it takes and where the career can lead.
To become a physical therapist: (1) earn a bachelor’s degree, (2) get observation hours, (3) complete a DPT program, (4) pass the NPTE, (5) specialize. Most people need about 7 years after high school. BLS lists “doctoral or professional degree” as the typical entry-level education.
5 steps to become a physical therapist
Earn a bachelor’s degree
Complete science prerequisites.
Get observation hours
Shadow PTs.
Complete a DPT program
About three years.
Pass the NPTE
Get licensed.
Specialize
Residency or board certification.
Education and training requirements
A Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) degree from an accredited program is required, plus passing the NPTE and getting a state license.
| Typical entry-level education (BLS) | Doctoral or professional degree |
|---|---|
| Related work experience | None |
| On-the-job training | None |
| Typical training time | 7 years after high school |
Certifications and licenses
- NPTE: National licensing exam.
- State PT license: Required to practice.
- Orthopaedic Clinical Specialist (OCS): ABPTS specialty certification.
- Sports Clinical Specialist (SCS): Sports specialty certification.
Skills to build now
Start with musculoskeletal evaluation, therapeutic exercise, and manual therapy, and practice motivation skills and empathy. Learning the physical therapist vocabulary early makes training and interviews easier.
Where the career can lead
- Staff PT: Treat patients.
- Senior or Specialist PT: Specialize.
- Clinic Director: Lead clinics.
- Practice Owner: Own a practice.
Get a head start
Our self-paced Physical Therapist training gives you a realistic, practical overview of the job (duties, terminology, step-by-step tasks, safety and interview prep) so you can decide with confidence and show employers you’re serious.
Common questions about getting started
How long does it take to become a PT?
Usually 7 years: a bachelor’s plus a 3-year DPT.
How long does it take to become a physical therapist?
Most people need about 7 years after high school of training. A Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) degree from an accredited program is required, plus passing the NPTE and getting a state license.
Do you need a degree to be a physical therapist?
Yes. BLS lists a doctoral or professional degree as the typical entry-level education, and you also need a state license to practice.
What certifications are available for physical therapists?
Common credentials include NPTE, State PT license, Orthopaedic Clinical Specialist (OCS), and Sports Clinical Specialist (SCS). All states license physical therapists, requiring a DPT and passing the NPTE.
Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, SOC 29-1123 (Physical therapists).
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, BLS Employment Projections, Table 1.2 (2025–35).
- O*NET OnLine summary for Physical therapists (U.S. Department of Labor).
- BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Reviewed by the Career Education Institute Curriculum Team. Pay figures are national estimates; local pay varies. See our editorial policy.